Prostate Cancer

Navigating Your Diagnosis

Prostate cancer occurs in the prostate, a small walnut-shaped gland in men that produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm. Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men, typically affecting older individuals. This cancer varies in its aggressiveness; some prostate cancers can grow slowly and may not cause significant harm, others are more aggressive and spread beyond the prostate.

What you need to know

From recognizing the symptoms to diving into treatment options, here is what you need to know in order to stay informed about your health:

Prevention

It is not possible to guarantee preventing prostate cancer, there are lifestyle and health practices to help reduce the risk. Please note these recommendations are not guaranteed to fully prevent prostate cancer; if you are showing symptoms, please consult with your healthcare provider for personalized advice based on your history and potential risk factors. Here are some general strategies to potentially lower the risk of prostate cancer: include fatty fish, omega-3 acids, and brightly colored vegetables in your diet, reduce the consumption of dairy products, avoid smoking, and get regular check-ups and screenings.

Risk Factors

Age: The risk of prostate cancer increases with age, and it is most commonly diagnosed in men over the age of 65.

Family History: Men with a family history of prostate cancer, especially if a close relative has been diagnosed at a young age, may have an increased risk.

Race: African American men have a higher incidence of prostate cancer compared to men of other racial or ethnic groups.

Genetic Factors: Certain genetic mutations may contribute to an increased risk.

Symptoms

In its early stages, prostate cancer may not have noticeable symptoms. As the cancer progresses, symptoms may include difficulty urinating, frequent urination, blood in the urine or semen, pain or discomfort during ejaculation, and discomfort in the pelvic area.

Diagnosis

Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: A blood test that measures the level of PSA, a protein produced by the prostate. Elevated PSA levels may indicate the presence of prostate cancer, but other factors can also contribute to PSA elevation.

Digital Rectal Examination (DRE): A physical examination in which a healthcare provider feels the prostate for abnormalities.

Biopsy: A tissue sample is taken from the prostate and examined under a microscope to confirm the presence of cancer and determine its grade.

Treatment

Active Surveillance: Monitoring the cancer without immediate treatment, especially for slow-growing tumors.

Surgery: Removal of the prostate (prostatectomy).

Radiation Therapy: High-energy rays are used to target and destroy cancer cells.

Hormone Therapy: Lowering levels of male hormones (androgens) to slow cancer growth.

Chemotherapy: Medications that kill or slow the growth of cancer cells, typically used for advanced cases.

Frequently Asked Questions

View All FAQ's
How does prostate cancer start?

Answer: Prostate cancer begins when abnormal cells grow and divide uncontrollably.

When should I test for prostate cancer?

Answer: Routine screenings are important. Those with a family history may need earlier or more frequent testing.

How is prostate cancer diagnosed and staged?

Answer: Tests determine how large the cancer is and whether it has spread.

Why does the type of prostate cancer matter?

Answer: Each type behaves differently, making proper diagnosis essential for treatment planning.

Cancers We Treat

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